Grammatica anglicana, præcipuè quatenus à Latina differt, ad vnicam P. Rami methodum concinnata. In qua perʃpicuè docetur quicquid ad huius linguæ cognitionem requiritur

Document TypeSemi-diplomatic
CodeGreaves
PrinterJohn Legate
Typeprint
Year1594
PlaceLondon
Other editions:
  • translation
  • modernised

Grammatica anglicana, præcipuè quatenus à Latina differt, ad vnicam P. Rami methodum concinnata. In qua perʃpicuè docetur quicquid ad huius linguæ cognitionem requiritur. Avthore Paulo Greaues. Cantabrigiæ, Ex Officina Iohannis Legatt. Extant Londini ad inʃigne Solis in Cœmiterio. D. Pauli. 1594.1 {n. p.}

 

Ad librvm ipsvm

A. C. Ogdoaſticon.

 

Parve (nec obtrectent parvis qui magna requirunt)

Cur metuis vultus, verba, minaʃque virum.

Zoilus an moveas ? genitor tuus arma miniʃtrat.

Ingenio, ʃtudijs, arte, labore ʃuo,

Sufficit (aut fallor) magis & elementibus illud,

Quod primo genitum, ʃis genitoris opus.

Ergò (quid obʃtat) abi. voceʃq́ȝ, legentibus iʃtas

Ingeminato, patris parcite primitiis.

 

Liber.

Laudatus abunde.

Non faʃtiditus ʃi tibi lector ero.

{n. p.}

 

Lectori salvtem.

 

NON dubito quin vix cõʃpecto titulo, hunc librum plane novitium, divinabis lector, cuius inʃscriptionis novitate ad legendum etiam faciliùs invitari poteris. Sed ut expectationi aliqua ex parte prius ʃatis fiat, quàm librum quantumvis brevi & ʃuccincta methodo conʃscriptum, penitius examines, cauʃas (ʃi placeat) aperiam, quibus impulʃus, ad huius tantuli argumenti leviuʃculam, vereor ne veriùs horridiuʃculam tractationem acceʃʃi, quas cum intellexeris, non diffido quin hanc meam lucubratriunculam ʃis candido animo accepturus. 

Quanti nominis, hæc Anglicana regio, inter cæteros inferioris huius mundi tractus, ʃemper fuit, hodieq́ȝ est, nemini poteʃt eʃʃe obʃcurum: cum hoc vetuʃtiʃʃimi annalium codices {A2} referant: Illuʃtrium virorum elogia concelebrent: Doctiʃʃimorum hominum ʃcripta confirment; Exteri non ʃine admiratione conteʃtentur. Vt non ʃit dubium, quin univerʃi ʃplendoris gloria, famæq́ȝ celebritate, cum ʃummis, & potentiʃʃimis orbis terrarum imperiis, facile conferri poʃʃit. Cæterum inter tot divina munera φανερὰ divina φιλίαϛ τεκμήρια quibus ita undiq́ȝ cincti & circumʃepti ʃumus, ut merito nobis invideant, & admirentur omnes, & inter infinita pæne naturæ beneficia, quæ tam multo & amico imbri in nos hactenus effuderit, ut ne quicquam, aut ad neceʃʃitatem utilius, aut ad voluptatem iucundius amplius deʃiderari poʃʃit: unico ʃermonis ornamento parcè nimis, & tenuiter donati videamur: ac ʃi in reliquis mater, maternæ tam benegnitatis oblita, in novercam primò degeneraʃʃet. At credo magis (nam quidvis quàm hoc) prudens ideo volenʃque deliquit, ut quemadmodum mulierculæ delicatulæ, & mimicæ, in amictu corporis, quædam neglecta, aut non æque ʃaltem omnia elaborata, ad maiorem corporis venuʃtatem, totiuʃq́ȝ habitus splendorem relinquunt, ʃic nave huius defectuʃq́ȝ collatione, reliqua ʃua ornamenta {n. p.} velutì in cõtraria luce poʃita, candidiora multo & ʃplendidiora redderet. Non enim cum Græcis hominibus, aut Latinis, ʃermonis puritate, & elegantia contendimus, qui huius facultatis laude, ut nobis, ʃic reliquis omnibus nationibus iure ʃeʃe prælatos iactitant. At Gallis, Italis, Germanis, Hiʃpanis, cæteriʃq́ȝ gentibus, quibus natura non tam æqua arriʃit, ne tantillum quidem de noʃtro iure concedendum puto. Si Gallus verborum facilitatem, & mimicam prolationis elegantiam requirat, ipʃas ʃuaviorum deas mulierculas & puellulas noʃtræ regionis aures animoʃque hominũ, ipʃa Sirenum ʃuavitate permulcentes conʃulturus eat. Si Italus ʃuam in verbis gravitatem, & modeʃtiam iactet, non linguam ʃolum, ʃed ipʃum ortum, & genus ab illis, nos traxiʃʃe glorietur, qui uʃque ad hodiernum diem, ut corporum habitu, & moribus, nihil pæne diʃcrepantes, ʃic linguæ ʃono illis perʃimiles habemur. Si Germanus vim verborũ & vehementiã obijciat, quid quæʃo nõ perʃuadeat Anglus, cuius ʃingula verba tot fere argumenta. Quid dicam plura? niʃi noʃtram ʃolam ex tot linguis perfectam, & quod in unoquoque genere optimum, illud ʃibi delibaʃʃe. Teʃtes ʃunt {A3} tot egregis & illustres ʃcriptores, qui ad æternam poʃteritatis memoriam, hanc linguam ʃuis ʃtudijs excoluere, ut nihil ad eius fœlicitatem maius potuiʃʃet accedere, nihilominus vix unus ex tot millibus, (quod dictu mirabile eʃt) unquam extitit, qui tantum linguæ puritatem exercuit, quantum omnes eloquentiam, & rhetoricam facultatem: ut dicere magis quàm loqui, & rhetoricæ prius quàm Grammaticæ, operam dediʃʃe exiʃtimentur. Experientia docet, pleroʃq́ȝ haud mediocri eruditione præditos, natione Anglos, cum in aliis linguis accurate omnia dictitant, modernæ huius & nativæ ʃcriptione, turpiter omnino hallucinatos eʃʃe; taceo nomina, vitia dum reprehendo. Huiuʃmodi locutiones paʃʃim in uʃu ʃunt. More better, ſuch works was finiſhed. He ſpake it to ſhee. Whoſe fountaines is dried up. Non mirum ʃi vulgus barbare omnino loquatur, cum qui docti, & ʃunt, & habentur, tam inʃcite, & impure ʃcribunt. Quid dicam quantis hinc moleʃtiarum undique procellis, puerorum ingeniola contorquentur. Quî enim peregrinis literis initiandis, de ʃingularum vocum variis flexionibus, aut coniunctarum ʃyntactica {n. p.} convenientia, & rectione conʃtabit prius, quàm lingua ʃua vernacula, proprioq́ȝ idiomate, hæc quomodo cohæreant, quid quibuʃq́ȝ respondeat, cognitum habeant & exploratum, cui tamen morbo, ʃi illi literarum magiʃtri, & doctores, qui per ʃe meliora excogitare nolunt, aut nequeunt, his noʃtris inventis occurrere voluerint, haud inutilem meo iudicio navabunt operam. Quid autem hinc exteri, in quorum præcipue gratiam, hæc primum chartarum ʃchedulis credidi, consʃequnturi ʃint commodi, non dubito quin libenter, gratiʃque animis agnoʃcent. Nec illud ʃolum ʃed præcluʃum ʃibi ad celeberrimæ huius linguæ perceptionẽ, tot ʃæculis aditum, mea unius opera recluʃum iam tandem, & reʃeratum ʃerio triumphabunt. Nec tamen is ʃum qui quis ʃim neʃciam, aut cui hæc adeo pulchra videntur, omnibuʃque ʃuis numeris abʃoluta, ut quibus nihil addi commode aut detrahi etiam fortaʃʃe putem, quin hoc ipʃo potius nomine, vel maxime imperfecta, quod iam primo inventa ʃint, tantumq́ȝ abeʃt, ut ad retardandos aliorum conatus hic noʃter labor inʃtitutus ʃit, ut ad acuendam potius eorum diligentiam primo ʃuʃceptus videatur, ut qui poʃʃint, velint, qui {A4} velint, me ʃuaʃore pergant, ad polienda ac perficienda eaque à me, craʃʃa (quod aiunt) Minerva, & indignante Mercurio primo inchoata fuerint. Interim quid præʃtare conatus ʃum, ingenuus & honeʃti laboris æquus æʃtimator facile intelliges lector, ʃtudiumq́ȝ meum qualecunq́ȝ id ʃit probabis non dubito, & me de bonis literis bene mereri ʃedulo operam dare teʃtaberis omnino mihi perʃuadeo. Bene vale oct. Cal. Iun. Anno humanæ ſalutis. 1594.

Tibi in Christo

devinctiſsimus,

P. Gr. {n. p.}

 

GRAMMATICA ANGLICANA PRÆCIpuè quatenus à latina differt.

 

CAP. I.

De Litera.

 

VOcales quinque, a, e, i, o, u. nam y, earum numero prorſus expungendum puto.

Conſonæ ſunt Semivocales, vel Mutæ. Semivocales ſunt, l, m, n, r, ſ, x, z.

Mutæ, b, c, d, f, g, k, p, q, t: fiunt etiam i, & u, conſonæ, quoties ſibi vel aliis vocalibus, in eadem ſyllaba præponuntur, ſcribuntur autem ſic, j, v, vt object, inventiõ.

In numerum conſonantium y, etiam aſciſci debet, at præfixum vocali, eiq́; coniunctum, vt yet, yonder. {n. p.}

V quoque geminatum parit conſonãtem, vt witte.

H nihil habet literæ, præter figuram, eſt tantùm index aſpirationis literis ad latus appoſitæ, vt Thing.

Omnibus vocalibus præeſt, vt Haue, helpe, hinde, hogge, hurt.

Subeſt vero conſonantibus ſex, C, G, P, T, W, S, vt Chalke, Ghoʃt, Philoʃophie, Shadow, Theefe, what.

E mutis C, & T, valorem & ſonum ſæpius aliarum conſonantium exhibent, quod fit diverſæ diſpoſitionis ratione cum vocalibus.

C autẽ duplex eſt convenientia, cum K, aut S.

Cum K, quando præcedit a, u, o, immediatè, vt Call, Custome, Colledge: mediatè, ut crab, club, clock. aut i vel e mediante conſona, vt Crime, Clemencie. Denique cuiuſque ſyllabæ vltima, vt Accord.

Profertur vero vt S, ſubſequente e, vel i immediate, in eadem ſyllaba, vt Cenſure, Citie. {n. p.}

Diſtinctum autem ab utriſque ſonum vendicat, cum aſpiratur, vt Childe, Such, ob id credo, quod K. aſpirationis capax non eſt.

T autem ſonat vt C. quoties ſyllaba etiam ſequens incipit à vocali, vt cõdition. excipe quando præit x. s. aut mediat. h. ut Mixtion Buſtion Filthiest.

F. conſonæ V. affine eſt.

G litera, eodem proferenda eſt ſono, quo apud latinos in Gallus. ut Garter, giue, gulfe. Againe: excipias Gibbet, gibe, giblets, giant, gillie, ginger. ubi effertur, ut G. in Gilvus. item præpoſitum immediate i. in medio, ut vrging. & e, ubique, ut gentle, changed: præterquam in Geeſe, geare, geld, geſſe, get. quæ dato præcepto omnimodo quadrant.

N. ante G. medium quiddam ſonat, inter N. & G. ut Anger.

P aſpiratum, valet f. ut, phiſicke.

Perperam profertur S. pro z. ut az, iz, wize. pro, as, is, wiſe. {n. p.}

Literarum characteres ſunt numero 26. qui vulgari alphabeto ad hunc modum ordinantur.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. v. u. w. x. y. z.

 

CAP. 2.

 

De Syllaba.

 

SYllaba eſt, qua ſonus integer comprehenditur.

Eſtq́; literæ unius aut plurium.

Vnius, ut vocalis quælibet.

Plurium, quando plures literæ ſimul congregantur.

Eſtq́ue aut vocalium tantùm, aut vocalium & conſonantium.

Vocalium conjunctio, diphthongus appellatur.

Eſt autem diphthongus, vocalium duarum, vel plurium conjunctio.

Duarum, eſt ejuſdem, vel diuerſarum.

Eiuſdem vocalis duplicatio eſt aut ee, {n. p.} ut ſleepe. vel oo, ut booke.

Diverſarum, ut ai, faith. au, authoritie, ea, ut reaſon. ei ut receive, eo, ut people. oa ut oare. oi ut voide. ou ut ould.

Plurium, ubi plures duabus conveniunt vocales, ut eau, beautie.

Vocalium & conſonantium, ubi promiſcuè coniunguntur vocales cum conſonis. ut crime.

Syllaba plurium, quàm septem literarum capax non eſt. ut knottes.

Et vocales ultra duas, aut vocalem, & diphthongum non recipit.

Non plures quàm tres conſonæ antecedere vocalem, nec niſi tres conſequi poſsint.

Nulla ſyllaba plures duabus mutis, aut ſemivocalibus, iuxta ſe poſitas habet.

In principio duæ mutæ nuſquam concurrunt, & ſemivocales tantùm, Sl, Sm, Sn, ut Slay, Smoke, Snake. Nam altera ſemivocalis, altera ſemper {n. p.} muta eſt. ut Sc. ſcarſe, Sp. spice, St. sticke, Bl. blacke, Cl. clarke, Fl. flint, Gl. glove, Pl. place, Gn. gnat, Kn. knave, Br. bread, Cr. creame, Dr. dreame, Fr. frogge, Gr. grave, Pr. practiſe, Tr. trencher, & Sw. ſwan.

In medio, & fine, quælibet cuilibet coniungi poteſt, at q ſemper præcedit conſonam v, ut quake.

 

CAP. 3.

 

De Substantivo.

 

VOx numeri eſt nomen aut verbũ. Nomen eſt Subsſtantivum, aut Adjectivum.

Subſtantivum pluralem flectit, à ſingulari in s. ut ſingul. Horſe, plur. horſes. ad commodius vero pronunciandum interdum interponimus e. ut branch, branches.

Anomalia vero multiplex eſt. vt Man, {n. p.} men: Gooſe, geeſe: Cowe, kine: Ox, oxen: Childe, children: Tooth, teeth: Foote, feete: Brother, brethren: Louſe, liſe: Mouſe, Miſe: huc vertentia f. in v. ut Staffe, Staves: Beefe, beeves: Life, liues: Sheafe, Sheaues: Theefe, theeues: Wife, wives: Knife, knives.

Infinita numero, Newes, deere, hoſe, sheepe, ſwine, people.

Carentia altero. Singulari.

Affayres, Barbes, Cates, Bowels.

Potage, Aſhes, Shambles.

Furmentie, Dregges, Bellowes.

Dainties, Siſſers, Entrals.

Sheres, Tongs.

Plurali. primo finita in Neſſe: ut Godlineſſe, goodneſſe.

2. In Litie. ut Agilitie, Facilitie.

3. In Diſe. ut Cowardiſe.

4. Nomina artium. ut Logicke, Rhetoricke.

5. Liquidorum, ut Cider, Milke: at waters, & wines legimus. {n. p.}

6. Mineralium, ut braſſe, copper.

7. Herbarum, ut parſly, ſage.

8. Frumentorum, ut barley, wheate, at oate, beane, fitch. retinent pluralem.

9. Aromarum, ut Suger, pepper, at nutmeg, figge, rayſon, almond, gaudent plurali.

10. Regionum, ut France, Ɛnglande.

11. Fluviorum, ut Tweede, Humber.

12. Menſium, ut Ianuarie, Februarie.

13. Hominum, ut Christopher, Margeret.

Addas inſuper.

Apparell, bacon, balme, branne, breade, chaffe, glaſſe.

Bombast, butter, canvaſſe, chaulke, civet, graſſe.

Clay, cockle, darnell, durt, draffe, droſſe, dung, mucke.

Fleagme, fleſh, fodder, foode, forrage, froth, hay, lucke.

Dust, wooll, garlicke, hell, glue, leather, greaſe, flaxe. {n. p.}

Hempe, lard, line, morter, lucre, ſewet, waxe.

Mudde, marle, mirth, mustard, paradice, plate, lime.

Saffron, ſoote, tallow, tarre, pitch, tinder, ſlime.

Towe, woode, corne, timber.

Fæcundiſsimus hic omnium adjectivorum ortus eſt, in leſſe. cuius ſubſtantiviq́ue connexu fiunt. ut faithleſſe, toothleſſe, wifeleſſe, horſeleſſe. id eſt, without faith, teeth, wife, horſe.

 

CAP. 4.

 

De Adjectivo.

 

IN adjectiuis diſtinctio numeri nulla eſt, niſi gratia ſubſtantiui ſingularis, aut pluralis, dicantur ſingularia, aut pluralia. ut ſweete apple, ſweete apples. at {B1} Sing. Much, every. & poetice Ech. plur. Many, All,

Sundrey &, both ſunt tantum pluralia.

Pleriſque adjectivis accidit Comparatio.

Comparatio fit dupliciter, aut poſtponendo ſyllabam, aut præponendo vocem.

Syllabæ ſunt, er, & eſt.

Er adiectum abſoluto, dat comparatum, Eſt ſuperlativum, ut Sweete, ſweeter, ſweetest, at, olde, older, vel elder, oldest, vel eldest.

Secunda comparatio fit præpoſitione vocis, voces ſunt More, & Most.

More abſoluto prefixum, facit gradum comparativum.

Most vero ſuperlativum. ut fayre, more fayre, most fayre.

Ad eundem modum comparantur adverbia in lie, ab adiectivis deducta, {n. p.} ut Honestly, more honestly, most honeſtly.

Comparationis anomaliam habent ſequentia. Good, better, best. Ɛvill, vel Ill, worſer, worst. Sing. Much, more. Plur. Many, moe, most. Little, leſſer, lest.

Vtimur autem plerumque Worſſe, & leſſe, pro comparativis Worſer, & leſſer.

Item adverbia ab his enata, eandem comparationem admittunt, at pro Good, & Ɛvill, adverbialiter ponimus. well, & evilly.

Ex adiectivis fiunt ſubſtantiva qualitatis, appoſitione ſyllabæ Neſſ. ut Good, goodneſſ. & Adverbia adiecta Lie. ut Honest, honestlie. at in Adverbiis adiectivorum in Lie, ultima raro iteratur, ut Daylie, Godlie, non Daylilie, Godlilie.

Adiectivis annumerantur etiã Articulus. {B2} The, apud Italos, Il, Lo, vel La, apud, Gallos Le, vel La, & voces numerales, Cardinalium numerorum nomina, ſupra monadem ſunt pluralia.

Eaque ſunt Simplicium, Decadum, Coniunctorum.

Simplicium nomina ſunt. One, two, vel twaine, three, fowre, fiue, ſixe, ſeauen, eight, nine.

Decadum. Tenne, twentie, thirtie, fourtie, fiftie, ſixtie, ſeauentie, eightie, ninetie, hundred, thouſande, million.

Coniunctorum, ſunt Eleuen, twelue, thirteene, fourteene, fifteene, ſixeteene, ſeauenteene, eighteene, nineteene.

Ordinalium nomina ſingularia ſunt.

Simplicium. Firſt, ſecond, thirde, fourth, fifth, ſixth, ſeauenth, eight, ninth.

Decadum. Tenth, twentieth, thirtieth, fourtieth, fiftieth, ſixtieth, ſeauentieth, {n. p.} eightieth, ninetieth, hundreth, thouſandh.

Coniunctorum. Eleuenth, twelueth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fiftenth, ſixetenth, ſeauententh, eightenth, ninetenth.

 

CAP. 5.

 

De Pronomine.

 

PRonomina hic quoque anomala quædam ſunt, in quibus non ſolum numeri, ſed caſus diſtinguuntur.

Pronomina primitiva ſunt, aut derivativa.

Primitiva ſunt Demonſtrativa, aut Relativa.

Demonſtrativa ſunt. I, Thou, Hee, Shee: this, that.

Relativa. Who, Which, What, {B3} Whoſe.

Derivativa. My, Mine: Thy, Thine: His her, hers: Our, ours. your, yours: Their, Theirs.

Demonſtrativa, Sing. Rect. I. Obl. Me. Plur. Rect. We. Obl. Vs.

Sing. Rect. thou. Obl. thee. Plur. you, vel yee.

Sing. Rect. Hee, vel. Shee. Obl. Him, Her. Plur. They, them.

Sing. This.

Plur. Theſe.

Sing. That.

Plur. Thoſe.

Relat. Sing. Rect. Who. Obl. Whome. Plur. Itidem.

Which, autem, What, &. Whoſe, non variant, ut nec deriuativa, quia ut natura ſunt prononima adiectiva, ſic eorum formam per omnia ſequuntur.

Horum autem quatuor. I, thou: Hee, Shee. ſubſtantiva cenſentur, reliqua vero {n. p.} pro adjectivis habenda ſunt.

 

CAP. 6.

 

De Verbo.

 

VErborum eſt vox numeri cum tempore, & perſona.

Formatio temporum unica hic eſt, & Simplex.

In omni tempore pluralis idem eſt, cum prima perſona ſingulari, preterquam in flexione verbi Am.

Coutractionibus fere utimur in Carmine.

Præſens. 1. Hate. 2. Hatest. 3. Hateth. Plur. Hate, Hate, &c.

Contract  2. Hates, 3. Hates.

Secunda & tertia perſona, formantur à Themate, adiectione St, & Th. {B4}

In forma contracta, voces tantum duæ diſtinctæ ſunt, & contractionis graua ſemper pariſſyllabæ, ubi ſecunda & tertia fiunt à prima additione s.

Circumloquimur hoc præſens, plerumque per præſens verbi doe: & præſens infinitivum, ut I doe love: thou doeſt love, &c.

Huius præſentis anomala ſunt ſequentia hæc, Have, hast, hath. Pl. Have, have, &c.

Am, Art, Is. Pl. Are, are, &c. vel Bee, etiam aliquando in ſingulari Will, Shall, May, Can, Muſt. neque numerum aut perſonam variant, niſi forte in ſecunda perſona ſingulari. Wilt, Shalt, Mayestt, Canſt.

Muſt, vero hoc ſolo tempore contentum videtur nec poſſunt hæc explicari per periphraſin.

Præteritum primum. 1. Hated. 2. Hatest. 3. Hated. Pl. Hated, ed, ed. Hoc tempus fit à themate addendo d, ſi modo in {n. p.} vocalem exeat, vel ed, ſi in conſonam.

Secunda perſona quando differt à reliquis, formatur à prima, acceſsione. ſt.

Craſis eſt penultimæ & ultimæ ſyllabæ, in unam contractio quod fit dupliciter, primo eiiciendo e, ex ultima, cuius illuſtre illud exemplum eſt.

Not Philips ſonne, who all the world ſubdu’d,

Achilles ne, in Hectors blood imbru’d:

Nor Hercules who Monſters fiercely tam’d,

And of the earth the terrour great was nam’d.

Not all the worthiesſt out which ever liv’d,

With this our Peere, were worthy be compar’d.

Secundo reiiciendo in ultimum, ut

As for the Nightingall wood muſickes king:

It Auguſt was ſhee daynde not then to ſing. {n. p.}

Quorundam vero verborum contractio diverſa eſt, non ſolum excidendo e, ſed & d, commutando in t, haud aliter quam Græci plerumque ſolent, & ultimam diphthongi in penultima vocalem (ſi ſit) tollendo: ut Whipped, whipt: Stripped, ſtript: Dipped, dipt: Fixed, fixt: Wiſhed, wiſht.

At in ſequentibus, Weepe, ſweepe, keepe, leape, creepe, steepe, feele, meete, weete, loſe, beate, ſhoote. Et in illis, quæ præter ſimplicem & contractam formã habent anomalam (ut à themate, Smite. ſimplex forma præteriti, Smited: contracta, Smit: Anomal. Smote: ſic Bite, bited, bit, Boote & vvrite, vvrited, writ, wrote.) Hanc contractionem longè frequentiori uſu habemus quam ſimplicem, aut anomalam, & anomalam quam ſimplicem.

Simpliciter anomala ſunt, quæ non formant præteritum, iuxta regulam analogorum: ut Sit, ſate: Sley, ſlevv: Catch, {n. p.} caught ¿ Goe, vvent: Grovve, grevve: Bid, bad: Runne, ranne: Throvv, threw: Beginne, began: See, ſavv: Give, gave: Shine, ſhone: Make, made: Take, tooke: Bring, brought: Lead, ledde: Read, read: Feede, fedde: Come, came: Leave, left: Thinke, thought Fall, fell: Draw, drew: Shake, ſhooke: Hide, hid: Teach, taught: Knovv, knevv: Blovve, blevve: Binde, bound: Find, found: abide abode: Fight, fought: Buy, bought: Sell, ſolde: Stand, ſtoode: Seeke, ſought: Tell told: Worke, vvrought: Holde, helde: Spread, ſpred: Breed, bredde: Bleed, bledde: Ɛate, ate: Riſe, roſe: Ovve, ought: Have, had: Doe, did, Am, was: & plur. etiam aliquando in ſingulari, were.

Duplicem anomaliam habent hæc: Get, gate, & got: Drinke, drank, & dronk: Steale, ſtale, & stole: Sinke, ſanke, & ſonke: Shrinke, ſhranke, & ſhronke: Chide, chidde, & chodde: Spinne, ſpanne, & spunne: Strive, ſtrave, & ſtrove: {n. p.} Winke, wanke, & wonke: Speake, ſpake, & ſpoke: Teare, tare, & tore: Sheare, ſhare, & ſhore: Beare, bare, & bore: Weare, ware, & wore: Tread, trade & trode: Spring, ſprang, & ſprong: Ring, rang, & rong: Sticke, stacke, & Stucke: Sting, ſtang, & ſtung: Breake, brake, & broke: Drive, drave, & drove: Svvim, ſwam, & ſwomme: Clime, clim, & clome: Ride, rid, & rode: Slide, slid, & slode: Sing, ſang, & ſong: Stride, strid, & ſtrode: Fly, flew, & flowe: Win, wan, & won: at horũ præteritum non eſt diverſum à themate, Set, Put, Shut, Cast, Cut, Hurt, Hit, Spend, Lend, Rend, Bend, Send, niſi quod hæc ultima convertunt d, thematis in t.

Detectiva ſunt, Can, could: will, would: ſhall, ſhould: may, might: quia carent reliquis à præsenti, & præterito infecto temporibus.

Circumſcribi vero poteſt hoc tempus in omnibus verbis, per did præteritum infectum, à do: & infinitum præſens {n. p.} præterquam in anomalis: Am, have, doe. & defectivis præfixis.

De præterito ſecundo.

Secundum præteritum per periphraſin loquimur participii præteriti, & præſentis verbi have. ut, I have hated, thou haſt hated, he hath hated: plur. We have hated, ye have hated, they have hated.

De tertio præterito.

Tertium præteritum per idem participium, & imperfectum verbi Have interpretamur: ut

I had hated, thou hadſt hated, he had hated. Plur. We had hated, ye had hated, &c.

De futuro primo.

Futurum primum idem eſt cum Themate, poſtpoſita perſona expreſſa, aut intellecta. ut Hate thou, hate he. plur. Hate vve, hate ye, hate they.

De futuro ſecundo.

Futurũ ſecundũ circũſcribitur ſyntaxi infiniti & præſentis verbi Will vel Shal: ut {n. p.} I ſhall vel will hate. Thou ſhalt vel wilt hate. He ſhall vel vvill hate. Plur. VVee ſhall vel vvill hate &c.

De infinito.

Præſens idem quod thema, ut to hate: at Am dat Bee.

Præteritum ſecundum conſtat ex voce have: & participii perfecto: ut to have hated.

Perfectum tertium ex infecto præterito Had, & eodem participio: ut to had hated.

De Participio.

Præſens participium fit à themate appoſito Ing. ut

Hate, hating.

Participium perfectum idem cum imperfecto, & in Singe, Ringe, Springe, Svvinge, ſvvimme, clime, vvinne, ſting, idem eſt cum imperfecto eorum anomalo ſecundo.

In tribus vero ſecundæ contractionis, formatur participium hoc, à voce contracta, {n. p.} & litera N, ut Bit, bitten: Smit, ſmitten: Writ, written: ſic orta à præſenti: ut Sit, fitten: Sley, ſlaine: Grovv, grovvne: Bidde, bidden: Chidde, chidden: Shake, ſhaken: Strive, ſtriven: Lie, lyen: Throvve, throvvne: Beginne begunne: ſee, ſeene: Give, given: Take taken: Fall, fallen: Dravve, dravvne: Hide, hidden: Knovv, knovvne: Blovv, blovvne: Abide, abidden: Riſe, riſen: Doe, done: Drive, driven: Ɛate, eaten: at Come, come: & Runne, runne.

Sequentia autem hæc, ab imperfecto anomalo ſecundo naſcuntur, ut Got, gotten: Spoke, spoken: Drunke, drunken: Broke, broken: Trode, troden: VVonke, vvonken: Sunke, ſunken: Shrunke, ſhrunken: Stole, stolne: Svvore, ſworne: Tore, torne: Shore, ſhorne: Bore, borne: VVore, vvorne: Rid, ridden: Stuck, ſtucken: Slidde, ſlidden: Floovve, flovvne & Movve, movvne: Sovve, ſovvne: {n. p.} Am facit in participio præterito, beene.

Vt participia ſic alia multa nomina ducuntur à verbis. A Themate procedunt duo genera, quorum prius nihil ab eo diſcrepat. ut Hate, & verbum eſt, & ſubſtantivum, eiuſdem ſignificationis, ſic feare uerbum ut timeo, ſubſtantivum ut timor, Item loue, helpe, drinke, & alia pleraque.

Alterum eorum eſt quæ fiunt à themate, adnexu literæ r, referunq́ue actorem ſenſus cognati, ut a loue, louer, helpe, helper, write, writer. Imo, ex omni omninò themate. huiuſmodi fiunt uerbalia, exceptis defectivis, & Anomalo, Am.

De verbo paſsivo.

Paſsiva verba, ut etiam Gallica, Italica, Hiſpanica, nullam certam flexionem admittunt, ſed qualiſcunque ſit, conſtat ex perfecto participio & verbo. Am idque per omnia tempora, & perſonas, ut preſens.

I am hated, Thou art hated, He is hated. {n. p.} Plur. Wee are hated, yee are hated, they are &.

Perfectum primum: I was hated, thou waſt hated, he vvas hated. Pl. We vvere hated, yee were hated, they were hated.

Perfectum ſecundum: I have bene hated, thou haſt bene hated, he hath bin hated. plur. We have bene hated, yee have bin hated, they have bene hated.

Perfectum tertium: I had bene hated, thou hadst bene hated, he had bene hated. Plur. We had bene hated, ye had bene hated, they had bin hated.

Futurum primum: Be thou hated, be he hated. Plur. Be we hated, be ye hated, be they hated.

Futurum secundum: I ſhall vel vvill be hated: Thou ſhalt vel wilt be hated, hee ſhall vel will be hated. Plur. Wee ſhall vel vvill be hated, yee ſhall vel ivvill be hated, they ſhall vel vvill be hated.

Infiniti præſens: To be hated. {C1}

Perfectum, To have bene hated.

Pluſquam perfectum, To had bene hated.

Imperſonalia fiunt à tertiis perſonis ſingularibus perſonalium præponendo It. ut It be ſeemeth. It is ſaid.

 

CAP. VII.

 

De Adverbio.

 

ADverbium eſt quod aliis vocibus adiicitur, ut well done.

Adverbia qualitatis ab adiectivis deducta in lye, plurima ſuut, ut purely, Soberly, nam quot fere adiectiva, tot adverbia in lye.

Adverbia nativa ſunt, Sraight, ſoone, uovv, ſcarſe, vel ſcarſlye, ſo, yea, no, not, much, rather, where, whether, when, here, hither, oft, often, well, then, never, within, togither, almoſt, as, hence, whence, alwaies, ever, evermore, how, up, dovvne, already, yet, yonder, still, {n. p.} ſeldome, little, enough, otherwiſe, except: & conſimilia.

Huc referuntur etiam quæ vulgo præpoſitiones appellantur: ut Of, to, vel unto, from vel fro, before, againſt, at, about, without, betvveene, beneath, beſides, behinde, by, through, nigh, after, beyond, untill, vvith, towardes, In, on, upon, under, aloft, above, & huiuſmodi.

Huc etiam Interiectiones: ut Alas, alacke, oh, woe.

 

CAP. 8.

 

De Coniunctione.

 

COpulativa: ut, And, alſo, neither, nor.

Connexiva: ut, If, unleſſe, except, els.

Diſctetiva: ut, But, Notwithſtanding, nevertheleſſe, {C2} although, beſides.

Disjunctiva: ut Either, or, vvhether, otherwiſe.

Cauſalis: ut For, becauſe, that.

Rationalis: ut Therefore, wherefore.

 

Etymologiæ finis. {n. p.}

 

CAP. I.

 

De Sintaxi.

 

HActenus Etymologiæ explicatio fuit. Syntaxis ſequitur. Syntaxis eſt pars Grammaticæ quæ vocũ in oratione ſtructurã conſiderat.

 

De Apoſtropho.

APoſtrophus eſt nota eliſæ ultimæ vocalis, ſequente interim à vocali exorſa, non tamen id semper, quia non niſi in carmine, nec frequenter, ſed quoties alias Nimipedon esset, Index Apoſtrophi eſt huiuſmodi apex ’ ut

What be the ioyes, for which t’enioy,

they went to the paines? Ecch. paines? {C3}

 

CAP. 2.

 

De Syntaxi nominis.

 

ADiectivum ſubſtantivum in oratione præcurrit: ut,

A yoked ſwine is a terrible beaſt. Hic yoked, & terrible præcedunt ſwine, & beaſt. at

Contra fit nonnunquam in carmine: ut,

He bought a knife, a ſtone, a horne,

For ſhoe-horne had he none:

Nor penknife good, or vvhetſtone ſmooth

To grind his knife thereon.

Hic good ſequitur penknife, & ſmooth vvhetstone. Cæterum in prædicatione qualitatis, de ſubiecto, ut res ratione, ſic voces oratione diſponi poſſunt: ut,

This knife is ſharpe.

In Adiectivis haud obſcura diſtincto eſt, {n. p.} inter One, & a: eaque multiplex.

Prima quod one unitatem certius denotat, magiſque emphatice afferit: ut

One day doeth ſtore griefe enough for the morrow.

Secunda eſt, quod One ſubſtantive ſæpius ponitur. A non item: ut, One, tvvo, three, foure, five: non A two, three, foure, five.

Then ſtraight one fet the priſoner behangd with robes about.

Non autem, Then ſtraight A, fet the priſoner, &c. Niſi man, vel aliud aliquod ſubſtantivum exprimas.

An pro A, ſequente vocali utimur: ut An Oxe, an Aſſe.

Diſtinctio inter None, & Noe, hæc eſt, quod None elypſin ſemper ſubſtantivi patitur: ut,

For no man dreads but he that cannot ſhift. {C4}

And none ſerves God but only tongue-tide men.

All, quamvis ſit natura numeri pluralis, ſervire tamen videmus & ſingularibus, primo quæ plurali carent: ut,

All fleſh is graſſe.

Secundo integris, interveniente pronomine derivativo, aut adjectivo the, vel A & An, ut All this day, All their light, All my strength, All the time, All an apple, All a booke.

Tertio ſumpto collective: ut Gaſcoigne in Querela Philomelæ.

All ill that may be thought,

All miſchiefe under skies

Was piety compard to that

Which Tereus did deviſe.

Many etiam ſubiecto ſingulari gaudet, intercedente A vel An: ut

Full many a wound is given

Betvvene them tvvaine, vvith leaden lomps.

And many a ſtroke in vaine: {n. p.}

And on their ribs full thicke it thomps.

 

CAP. 3.

 

De pronominum Syntaxi.

 

PRonomina adiectiva in ſyntaxi varie uſurpantur, ſex namq́ue hæc, My, thy, her, our, your, their, ſemper in eadem orationis parte, cum ſubſtantivo reperiuntur, at Mine, thine, hers, ours, yours, theirs, & interrogativum who, ſuperioribus, hoc uno diſtentiunt, quod ſemper ſubſtantive ponuntur, aut ſaltem à ſubſtantiuo in oratione ſeparantur.

Reliqua vero, ut who Relativum, which, what, whoſe, this, that, omnimodo poſſunt explicari.

Sciendum eſt præterea; quod hæc pronomina my, thy, his, her, our, your, their, componuntur nonnunquam cum affixo nomine, ſelfe, ut my ſelfe, thy {n. p.} ſelfe: his ſelfe, her ſelfe: our ſelues, your ſelues, their ſelues. & loquendi conſuetudine, magis quam veritate rei dacti, dicimus himſelfe & themſelues, uſurpantur autem fere poſt ſua primitiva. ut I my ſelfe, thou thy ſelfe, he him ſelfe, & hæc loquutia magis emphatica eſt, quam ſi nude diceres I, thou, he, &c.

CAP. 4.

De ſyntaxi adverbij, cum nomine.

HAEC tria, Of, to, from, vel fro, Caſuum quaſi diſcrimina faciunt, Of ſervit genitivo, To dativo, & pro maiori emphaſi utimur vnto, from vel fro ablativo, ut Regis regum, of a king, of kings. Regi regibus, to a king, to kings. Rege regibus, from a king, vel frõ kings. utimur etiam pro latinis adverbiis, Ad, De, ut ad regem, De rege, A rege, To a king, of a king, from a king.

To etiam infinitivis preponitur, ut to {n. p.} feare, to be feared.

CAP. 5.

De Syntaxi coniunctionis, cum verbo.

BE in preſenti raro utimur, & fere ſemper poſt coniunctionem That, expreſſam, aut intellectam. ut

If that perfect constancie be the childe of chance, let wiſdome be counted the root of wickednes.

Huiuſmodi vero loquutiones non videntur præcepto quadrare, ut Suppoſe all men be honest, Imagine pleaſure be a companion of vertue: veritas tamen ſemper & ubiq; eadem eſt, nam in his & huiuſmodi exemplis elipſis eſt coniunctionis That, aut præpositionis to, ſi that, tunc be eſt præſentis iuxta regulam, ſi To, tum infiniti, & ſic explenda eſt oratio. Suppoſe that all men be honeſt, Imagine that pleaſure be a companion of vertue. Alias Suppoſe all men be honest, and pleaſure to be a companion of vertue. {n. p.} Nam inerti, at vulgari ſolæciſmo laborat hæc oratio, I be negligent, thou be honeſt.

Idem de were imperfecto ſingulari, verbi Am, dicendum eſt.

Atque hæc ſunt quæ mihi iam olim de hiſce rebus cogitanti, imprimis obſervanda occurrere, in quibus ſi quid eſt, quo tenella mea, ſeu nulla potius facultatula tibi uſui eſſe poteſt, ex animo gaudeo. ſin, quod vereor magis, hæc noſtra ad ſtomachum non faciunt, quid & ipſe in hoc genere poteris periculum facito.

 

FINIS.

 

Vive, vale, ſi quid novisti rectius istis.

Candidus imperti, ſinõ, his utere mecũ. {n. p.}

 

DICTIONARIOLUM vocum Anglicarum, quæ paſſim in libello occurrunt.

 

 

A

 

to

Abide

Moror

 

About

Circum

 

Aboue

Supra

 

to Accord

Conſentio

 

Affayres

Negotia

 

After

Post

 

Agilitie

Agilitas

 

Againſt

Contra

 

Alacke

Ah

 

Alas

Hei

 

Almonde

Amygdalum

 

Almoſt

Pene

 

Aloft

Superne

 

Alreadie

Iamdudum

 

Alſo

Ɛtiam

 

Although

Licet

 

Alwaies

Semper

 

Am

Sum {n. p.}

 

And

Ɛt

 

Apparell

Vestitus

 

Apple

Pomum

 

As

Sicut

 

Aſſe

Aſinus

 

At

Apud

 

Authoritie

Authoritas

 

B

 

 

Bacon

Lardum

 

Baulme

Balſamum

 

Barbes

Phaleræ

 

Barley

Hordeum

 

Beane

Faba

 

to Beare

Fero

 

Beaſt

Brutum

 

to Beate

Verbero

 

Beautie

Pulchritudo

 

Becauſe

Quoniam

 

Before

Ante

 

Behinde

Pone

 

Bellowes

Folles

 

to Bende

Flecto

 

Beneath

Infra {n. p.}

 

Beſeemeth

Decet

 

Beſides

Præter

 

Betweene

Inter

 

Beyonde

Vltra

to

Bidde

Iubeo

to

Binde

Ligo

to

Bite

Mordeo

 

Blacke

Niger

to

Bleede

Sanguino

 

Bloud

Sanguis

to

Blow

Flo

 

Booke

Liber

 

Bowels

Viſcera

 

Branch

Ramus

 

Branne

Furfur

 

Braſſe

AEs

 

Bread

Panis

to

Breake

Frango

to

Breede

Genero

to

Bring

Duco

 

Brother

Frater

 

Bumbaſt

Pillium

 

But

At {n. p.}

 

Butter

Butirum

 

Buy

Emo

 

By

Per

 

C

 

 

Cage

Cavea

to

Call

Voco

to

Can

Poſſum

 

Canvas

Cannabum

to

Caſt

Iacio

 

Cates

Obſonia

 

Cenſure

Cenſura

 

Chaffe

Palea

 

Chalke

Creta

to

Chide

Iurgio

 

Childe

Puer

 

Chriſtopher

Christopherus

 

Clarke

Clericus

 

Clay

Lutum

 

Clemencie

Clementia

to

Climbe

Scando

 

Clocke

Horrologiũ

 

Clubbe

Clava

 

Cider

Sicera {n. p.}

 

Citie

Vrbs

 

Civet

Zibethum

 

Cockel

Zizania

to

Come

Venio

 

Companion

Comes

 

Condition

Conditio

 

Copper

Orichalcum

 

Corn

Frumentum

 

Cow

Vacca

 

Cowardiſe

Puſillaminitas

 

Crab

Arbutum

to

Creepe

Serpo

 

Creſt

Criſta

 

Crime

Culpa

 

Cuſtome

Conſuetudo

to

Cut

Seco

 

D

 

 

Darnell

Lolium

 

Day

Dies

 

Daily

Quotidie

 

Dainties

Delitiæ

 

Deere

Fera

to

Deviſe

Excogito {D1}

To

Dip

Tingo

 

Durt

Cænum

to

Doe

Ago

 

Dolefull

Triſtis

 

Donge

Fimus

 

Draffe

Segiſterium

 

Dreame

Somnium

to

Drink

Bibo

to

Drive

Pello

 

Droſſe

Scoria

 

Duſt

Puluis

to

Dwell

Habito

 

E

 

 

Earth

Terra

 

Eight

Octo

 

Eighth

Octavus

 

Eighteene

Octodecem

 

Eightenth

Decimus oct.

 

Eightie

Octoginta

 

Eightieth

Octogeſsimus

 

Eleven

Vndecem

 

Eleventh

Vndecimus

 

Els

Præterea {n. p.}

to

Embrew

Tingo

 

Enough

Satis

 

Entrals

vide Bowels

 

Ever

Vnquam

 

Evermore

Perpetuo

 

Ɛvill

Malus

 

Evilly

Male

 

Except

Niſi

 

F

 

 

Facilitie

Facilitas

 

Faire

Pulcher

 

Faith

Fides

 

Februarie

Februarius

 

Feede

Paſco

 

Feele

Tracto

 

Fetch

Affero

 

Fiercely

Ferociter

 

Figge

Ficus

 

Fight

Pugno

 

Finde

Reperio

 

Firſt

Primus

 

Fitch

Vicia

 

Five

Quinque {D2}

to

Fixe

Figo

 

Flax

Linum

 

Fleagme

Pituita

 

Fleſh

Caro

 

Flint

Silex

to

Flie

Volo

 

Fodder

Pabulum

 

Food

Alimentum

 

For

Pro

 

Forage

vide Fodder

 

Fortie

Quadraginta

 

Fortieth

Quadrageſimus

 

Foure

Quatuor

 

Fourth

Quartus

 

Fourteene

Quatuordecem

 

Fourthteenth

Decimusquartus

 

Frãce

Gallia

 

Frog

Rana

 

From

A. ab.

 

Fro

Abs

 

Froth

Spuma

 

Frumenty

Alica {n. p.}

 

G

 

 

Garlicke

Allium

To

Get

Paro, gigno

 

Ginger

Gingiber

 

Glaſſe

Vitrum

 

Glove

Chirotheca

 

Glue

Glutẽ

 

Gnat

Culex

 

Godly

Pie

 

Godlines

Pietas

to

Goe

Ɛo

 

Good

Bonus

 

Goodnes

Bonitas

 

Gooſe

Anſer

 

Graſſe

Gramen

 

Grave

Sepulchrum

 

Greaſe

Adeps

to

Grinde

Molo

to

Growe

Creſsco

 

H

 

 

Hay

Fænum

to

Hang

Pendeo

 

Have

Habeo {D3}

 

Hee

Ille

 

Hell

Barathrum

 

Hempe

Canabus

 

Helpe

Auxilium

 

Here

Huc

 

Hers

Sua

to

Hide

Occulto

 

Hinde

Cerva

 

His

Suus

 

Hither

Hic

 

Hog

Porcus

to

Hould

Teneo

 

Honeſt

Honestus

 

Honeſtly

Honeſte

 

Horne

Cornu

 

Horſſe

Ɛquus

 

Hoſe

Caliga

 

How

Quomodo

 

Hundred

Centum

 

Hundreth

Centeſimus

to

Hurt

Noceo

 

I

 

 

I

Ego {n. p.}

 

If

Si

to

Imagine

Reor

 

In

In

 

Invention

Inventio

 

K

 

to

Keepe

Servo

 

King

Rex

 

Knave

Nebulo

 

Knife

Cultrum

 

Knots

Nodi

to

Knowe

Scio

 

L

 

 

Lard

vide Bacon

to

Leade

Duco

to

Leape

Salto

to

Leave

Deſino

to

Lend

Accomodo

 

Life

Vita

 

Lime

Calx

 

Line

Linum

 

Little

Parvus

to

Lieu

Vivo

to

Loose

Perdo {D4}

to

Love

Amo

 

Louſe

Pediculus

 

Lucre

Lucrum

to

Lye

Iacio

 

M

 

to

Make

Facio

 

Mallice

Malitia

 

Man

Vir

 

Marle

Merga

to

May

vid. Can

to

Meete

Gbvio

 

Milke

Lac

 

Milian

Milio

 

Mirth

Hilaritas

 

Modeſtie

Modestia

 

Monſter

Monstrum

 

Morter

Cæmentum

 

Mouſe

Mus

to

Mow

Meto

 

Much

Multus

 

Mud

Limus

 

Muck

vid. Donge

 

Muſtarde

Sinapis {n. p.}

 

My

Meus

 

Mine

 

N

 

 

Neither

Neque

 

Never

Nunquam

 

Nevertheleſſe

Verum

 

Newes

Novæ

 

Nigh

Prope

 

Nine

Novem

 

Ninth

Nonus

 

Nineteene

Novendecem

 

Nineteenth

Decimus nonus

 

Ninety

Nonaginta

 

Nintieth

Nonageſimus

 

No

Non

 

Nor

Nec

 

Not

Minime

 

Notwithſtanding

Attamen

 

Now

Iam

 

Nutmegge

Nux myriſtica

 

O

 

 

Oare

Remus

 

Oate

Avena {n. p.}

 

Obiect

Obiectum

 

Of

De, Ɛ, Ɛx

 

Offence

Peccatum

 

Often

Sæpe

 

Oh

Oh

 

On

Super

 

One, & An

Vnus

 

Or

Vel

 

Otherwiſe

Secus

 

Ould

Vetus

 

Our

Noſter

to

Owe

Debeo

 

Oxe

Bos

 

P

 

 

Penknife

Scalpellum

 

People

Populus

 

Pepper

Piper

 

Perfectly

Abſolute

 

Perſley

Apium

 

Pitch

Pix

 

Place

Locus

 

Pleaſure

Voluptas

 

Priſoner

Captivus {n. p.}

 

Purely

Sincere

to

Put

Pono

 

Q

 

to

Quake

Tremo

 

R

 

 

Rather

Potius

 

Raiſon

Vvapaſſa

to

Read

Lego

 

Reaſon

Ratio

to

Receive

Accipio

to

Rend

Lucero

 

Rhetorique

Rhetorica

to

Ride

Equito

to

Riſe

Surgo

to

Ring

Pulſo

 

Rope

Funis

 

Runne

Curro

 

S

 

 

Saffron

Crocus

 

Sage

Salvia

to

Say

Dico

 

Scarſe

Vix

 

Seaven

Septem {n. p.}

 

Seaventh

Septimus

 

Seventeene

Septemdecem

 

Seventieth

Septuageſimus

 

Seventeenth

Decimus ſeptimus

 

Seventie

Septuaginta

to

Seeke

Quæro

 

Seldome

Raro

to

Sell

Vendo

to

Send

Mitto

to

Set

Pono

 

Shadow

Vmbra

to

Shake

Quatio

 

Shambles

Micellum

 

Sheafe

Faſcis

to

Sheare

Tondeo

 

Shee

Illa

 

Sheepe

Ovis

to

Shine

Luceo

to

Shote

Sagitto

to

Shrinke

Contraho

to

Shut

Claudo

to

Sing

Canto

 

Siſſers

Forfex {n. p.}

to

Sit

Sedeo

 

Six

Sex

 

Sixt

Sextus

 

Sixteene

Sexdecim

 

Sixteenth

Decimus ſextus

 

Sixtie

Sexaginta

 

Sixtieth

Sexageſimus

to

Slay

Trucido

to

Sleepe

Dormio

to

Slide

Labor

 

Slime

vid Mud

to

Smite

Percutio

 

Smoke

Fumus

 

Smooth

Planus

 

Snake

Anguis

 

So

Sic

 

Soberly.

Sobrie

 

Soone

Cito

 

Soote

Fuligo

to

Sowe

Semino

to

Speake

Loquor

to

Spend

Conſumo

 

Spice

Aroma {n. p.}

to

Spin

Neo

to

Spread

Pando

to

Spring

Germino

 

Staffe

Baculus

to

Stand

Sto

to

Steale

Furor

to

Steepe

Immergo

 

Sticke

Igniculum

 

Still

Aſsiduè

to

Sting

Pungo

 

Stone

Lapis

 

Straight

Illico

to

Strip

Exuo

to

Strive

Certo

 

Strength

Fortitudo

 

Strong

Fortis

to

Subdue

Subdo

 

Such

Talis

 

Sewet

Sævum

 

Sugar

Saccharum

 

Swanne

Cignus

to

Sweare

Iuro

to

Sweepe

Verro {n. p.}

 

Sweete

Dulcis

to

Swimme

No

 

Swine

Sus

 

T

 

to

Take

Capio

 

Tallow

vid. Sewet

 

Tarre

vid. Pitch

to

Teach

Doceo

to

Teare

Lacero

to

Tell

Narro

 

Ten

Decem

 

Tenth

Decimus

 

Terrible

Horribilis

 

Terror

Terror

 

That

Illud

 

Then

Tunc

 

Therefore

Idcirco

 

Thing

Res

to

Thinke

Cogito

 

Third

Tertius

 

Thirteene

Tredecem

 

Thirteenth

Decimus tertius

 

Thirtie

Triginta {n. p.}

 

Thirtieth

Trigeſimus

 

This

Hic, hæc, hoc

 

Thou

Tu

 

Thouſand

Mille

 

Three

Tres

to

Throw

Iacto

 

Timber

Lignum

 

Time

Tempus

 

Tinder

Igniareum

 

To

Ad

 

Togither

Vna

 

Tooth

Dens

 

Towe

Stupa

to

Tread

Calco

 

Trencher

Quadra

 

Tweede

Tueſis

 

Twelve

Duodecim

 

Twelft

Duodecimus

 

Twentie

Viginti

 

Twentieth

Vigeſimus.

 

V

 

 

Vertue

Virtus

 

Vnder

Subter {n. p.}

 

Vnleſſe

Niſi

 

Vntill

Donec

 

Vnto

Ad

 

Void

Vacuus

 

Vpon

Supra

 

W

 

 

Water

Aqua

 

Waxe

Cera

 

Weare

Geſto

 

Weepe

Ploro

 

Wet

Humecto

 

Well

Bene

 

What

Quid

 

Wheate

Triticum

 

Whence

Vnde

 

Where

Vbi

 

Wherefore

Quamobrem

 

Whither

Vtrum

 

Whetſone

Cos

 

Which

Qui, quæ, quod

 

Whip

Flagello

to

Will

Volo

 

Who

Quis {E1}

 

Whoſe

Cuius

 

Wine

Vinum

to

Winke

Niveo

to

Winne

Lucror

to

Wiſh

Opto

 

With

Cum

 

Within

Intus

 

Without

Foras

 

Wit

Ingenium

 

Woe

Vah

 

Worke

Opus

 

World

Mundus

 

Worthy

Dignus

 

Write

Scribo

 

Y

 

 

Yea

Ɛtiam

 

Yet

Adhuc

 

Yoked

Iugatus

 

Yonder

Ibi {n. p.}

 

ANALYSIS GRAMMATIca, ad noſtræ huius artis præcepta unicè conformata.

 

I was as ſmall as any ſtraw,

When firſt I gan to grovv:

Then growing to a riper age,

My ſhape was changed ſo.

Then tooke they me out of my place

Where I was borne and bred:

And vvhen they ſaw my ſhape was turnd,

They ſtraight cut of my head.

This being done, then did I drinke,

Whereby ſuch force I had,

I made ſworne brethren deadly foes,

I made true lovers glad.

And this did I, and ten times more,

I have and must doe ſtill:

Yet did I nothing of my ſelfe,

But all againſt my will.

 

I] pronomen primitivum demonſtrativum: Sing, I, Me, pl. We, Vs, Pag. 14. Lin. 5.

Was) Infectũ anomalũ thematis, Am, perſonæ {E2} primæ, & numeri ſingularis. p. 19. l. 16.

As) adverbium nativum. p. 26. l. 19.

Small) Adiectivum ſingulare, at gratia subſtantivi ſingularis: numeri differentiæ aliàs non agnoſcens. p. 9. l. 15.

Straw) subſtantivum ſingulare. pl. ſtrawes, interponitur autem e. ad difficultatem prolationis minuendam. p 6. l. 16.

When) Adverbium nativum. p. 26. l. 17.

Firſt) Adverbium numerandi , ortum ab adiectivo numerali eiuſdem nominis.

Gan) Infectum anomalum thematis gin. p 19. l. 3.                                     

ſo) Adverbium præpoſitivum infinitis. p. 34. l. 23.

Grow) Infinitum præſens præteritum habens anomalum Grew, p. 19 l. 1.

Then) Adverbium nativum. p. 26. l. 18.

Growing) participium præſens à themate grow addito Ing p. 22. l. 15.

To) adverbium præpoſitivũ, ſeu præpoſitio ſerviens. Subſtantivo age. p. 34 l. 15.

A) Vox numeralis, cardinalis, ſimplex in oratione conſonam ſemper præcurrens. p. 31. l. 15.

Riper) Gradus comparativus abſoluti ripe, cuius ſuperlativus eſt ripeſt. p. 10. l. 11. {n. p.}

Age) Subſtantivum ſingulare. pl. Ages.

My) pronomen derivativum, subſtantivo ſemper affixum. p. 33. l. 6.

Changed) infectum regulare à themate change, addendo d. p. 16. l. 23.

So) Adverbium nativum. p. 26. l. 16.

Tooke) infectum præteritum anomalum, à præſenti take. pag. 19. l. 4.

They) pronomen primitivum; recti pluralis, Sing. rect. He: ob. Him. pl. rect. They ob Them. pag. 14. l. 9.

Me) obliqui ſingularis à recto I. pl. rect. we. obl. vs. p. 14. l. 6.

Of) Præpoſitio ſerviens ſubſtantivo place. p. 34. l. 15.

Borne) participium præteritum formatum à bore. anomalo ſecundo, infecti præteriti, adiecto N. cuius thema eſt Beare. p. 23. l. 19. was borne) periphraſis eſt præteriti infecti, passivæ vocis p. 25. l. 3.

And) coniunctio copulativa. p. 27. l. 14.

Bredd) participium præteritum, idem cũ anomalo infecto, cuius thema eſt breed. p. 22. l. 17.

Saw) infectum anomalum præſentis See. p. 19. l. 3.

Was turnd) periphraſis infecti paſſivi. {E3} p. 25. l. 3. Turned autem eſt perfectum participium idem cum infecto præterito. p. 22. l. 17. à verbo Turne, contrahitur autem carminis cauſa. p.17. l 4.

Streight) adverbium nativum. p. 26. l. 15.

Cut) infectum anomalum idem cum themate. p. 20. l. 14.

This) pronomen demonſtrativũ. pl. Theſe. p. 14. l. 11.

Being) participium præſens à præſenti. Be. p. 22. l. 14.

Done) participium perfectum factum à præſenti doe. p. 23. l. 11.

Did) infectum anomalum eiuſdem thematis. p. 19. l. 15.

Drinke) thema: did drinke periphraſis eſt infecti dranke, vel dronke. p. 20. l. 22.

Such) adiectivum.

Force) ſubſtantivum.

Had) infectum anomalum à verbo have. p. 19. l. 15.

Made) infectum anomalum verbi make. p. 19. l. 4.

Sworne) participium ortum ab infecto anomalo ſecundo ſwore, cuius thema eſt ſweare. p. 23. l. 18. {n. p.}

Brethren) ſubſtantivum plurale anomalum à ſingulari brother. p. 7. l. 3.

Foes) ſubſtantivum plurale à ſingulari foe. p. 6. l. 15.

Ten) adiectivum numerale contentum plurali. p. 12. l. 10. convenit cum ſubſtantivo times.

Muſt) præſens ſolum, & ſemper. p. 16. l. 18.

Still & yet) adverbia nativa. p. 26. l. 21.

 

Who knoweth not in Greekes what faith there raignes

Yet by one treaſon geſſe the reſidue:

Nay by a thouſand, for with thouſand traines,

Brewd hath your bane, that faithles miſer Crew,

Then who to stop year paſſage, erſt tooke paines,

Prepares he now his life to spend for you,

VVho to you highwayes common t’all that live

Denide, will he his proper blood novv give.

 

ANALYSIS.

Who] Relativum plurale, Sing. & plur. rect. who ob: whome. p. 14. l. 15.

Knoweth) tertia perſona præſentis ſingularis, Know, knowǝst, knoweth, p. 15. l. 15.

Reignes) contractio tertia perſonæ præſenits {E4} reigneth. p. 15. l. 17.

Geſſe] futuri primi ſecunda perſona pluralis. p. 21. l. 17.

Brewd) ut turnd ſuperius.

Your) Non yours quia deponitur ſubſtantivum. p. 33. l. 6.

Faithleſſe) adiectivum ortum à ſubſtantivo faith; additione leſſe. p. 9. l. 8.

Prepares) contractum ut Raignes ſuperius.

Spend] infinitum præſens cuius infectnm eſt Spent. p. 20. l. 14.

T’all, apoſtrophus. p. 29. l. 10.

Denide) infectum analogum à themate denie: contrahitur ſecundario carminis gratia. p. 17 l. 19.

Give) infinitum præſens cuius præteritum eſt irregulare gave. p. 19. l. 3. will give) eſt periphraſis ſecundi futuri. p. 25. l. 17.

 

FINIS. {n. p.}

1  The present edition is based on the copy owned by Cambridge  University and available on EEBO. The copy owned by the British  Library (always on EEBO) has been consulted when some passages  needed clarification.  

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